The Rise of the Aztec Empire

The Rise of the Aztec Empire Aztec realm was one the best domain during the fourteenth and fifteenth hundreds of years it is supposed to be the most worthwhile and incredible Mesoamerican realms around then. The Aztec people group started in a lake however later turned into the capital of a domain. Aztec was comprising of an assorted variety ethic bunch that lived in the zone which extended from the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf coast. The Rise of the Aztec Empire and its fitness to be so effective and amazing predominance and their journey was established on their strict convictions that were inserted inside everyone.These showing drove them to success, to form locales and working into sanctuaries. The Aztecs likewise called themselves, the Mexicans, however rose to control in a brief timeframe as they scanned for their guarantee land. The urban areas exchange, agribusiness, religion and social orders were one of the central point in the capacity to endure and construct a solid establis hment for their authority and vocation. Throughout the fall of the Teotihuacan and the Mayan progress was brimming with grind desire in each perspective. This is supposed to be one of the most progressive gathering of old American as they demonstrated the arrangement of the schedule and the framework writing.History repeated that the Aztec originated from the north which is called Aztian. The Aztecs fabricated their city of Tenochtitlan on the site, which is currently situated in the focal point of Mexico. The Aztecs Empire involved two social classes. The lower classes were called Macehalli and the privileged societies were called Pilli. These social classes were not characterized by birth in light of the fact that an individual could ascent of the Pilli in the event that they had extraordinary abilities. Every single male kid in the Aztec Empire were called Telpachalli. The ladies see as subordinate to their man.Above everything else, they were required to carry on with sexual for bearance and high good. The religion of the Aztecs was very in separation downwards which was halfway because of the way that they had acquired numerous strict convictions from individuals they recently won. The Aztecs accepted that the sun and the earth had been demolished in an upheaval and reproduced multiple times. The Aztec laws were basic be cruel. They were not many occasions that aftereffect of a wrongdoing coming about because of infidelity to taking was not rebuffed by death. Other significant offenses were dealing with by the courts.In 1426, the old ruler Tezozomoc kicked the bucket and was supplanted by his child Maxlatzin. He was unstable that the Aztecs had been becoming too solid under the Tepanec’s assurance. He thusly looked to decrease the Aztec’s power in 1427. As of now, the Aztec’s third ruler kicked the bucket and was supplanted by Itzcoatl, who picked Tlacaelel, a splendid military specialist, as his main guide. Both of them chose to oppos e and battle instead of submit to Maxlatzin’s dangers and weight. Inside a year, the Aztecs had squashed the Tepanec and obliterated their supreme city. So now the Aztec had become the best state in Mexico.

Place Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Spot - Essay Example I ponder everybody would concur that the sea shore is a loosening up spot to be. The water moves up interminably, advising us that regardless of what we do, it truly doesn’t matter such a lot. The sound of the waves will in general waste of time the hints of unlimited concerns we as a whole have as we experience our days †did I do my clothing, what time is my next class, I’ve got the chance to read for my last! Every one of that gets covered under the sands that will accumulate over your feet as you remain at the edge of the frigid virus water and watch the perpetual skyline. Feathered creatures hover overhead in their perpetual move for endurance and everything you can do is watch them and marvel at the aerobatic accomplishments they perform. Or on the other hand possibly you watch the modest sandpipers as they run to and fro in the wake of the waves, moving their little legs so quick they are nevertheless a haze, and you think that you are so glad to simply be st opping. The winter sea shore is cold, obviously, yet this offers its own type of solace. It starts with your garments, which is layered and cumbersome, delicate and warm against your skin. This makes a solid differentiation to the cold of the water and the chill of the wet breeze falling off the ocean, which makes you notice it even more. While the breeze may have originated from far away, you can be ameliorated in knowing either that you are near and dear or that you have the opportunity to investigate new places similarly as the breeze does. To shield from getting excessively cool, you can manufacture a blaze, or perhaps only a little pit fire. Gazing into the blazes in a spot where wind, water, earth and fire are totally united places you in contact with the components and once more, the trivial worries of day by day life drop away. In the event that any other person is on the sea shore, they are probably going to come over and state hello and offer the glow of your fire with you, adding another sort of warmth to the experience. The last component of the winter sea shore that can’t be coordinated in the mid year is the discharge

Types of Unemployment (Which Is the Worst)

Types of Unemployment (Which Is the Worst) Sometimes, companies and business are forced to lay off employees because of a number of reasons â€" restructuring, downsizing, or even when the company goes out of business. If you have ever been laid off for one reason or the other, you have experienced some type of unemployment.Economists measure different types of unemployment to help them determine the health of an economy and help governments and businesses navigate changes in the economy.In this article, we are going to look at the different types of unemployment. Before we look at the different types of unemployment, however, let’s start by understanding what unemployment is.WHAT IS UNEMPLOYMENT?Unemployment refers to a situation where a person of working age who is looking for work is unable to find employment. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for someone to be termed as unemployed, they have to meet these three conditions:They do not have any job, not even a temporary or part-time job.They are currently availa ble for work.They have actively searched for a job in the past four weeks.According to these conditions set by the BLS, people who have stopped looking for work are not regarded as unemployed. They are not even counted as part of the labor force. If, for example, an unemployed person wins some money through the lottery and stops looking for work as they enjoy their new found wealth, that person is not considered as unemployed.Actively looking for work means that a person has either contacted an employer, a recruiter, or even friends and relatives in relation to finding work, submitted resumes or sent out job applications, answered job advertisements, and so on.Someone who has used passive job search methods, such as attending job training courses, is not considered to be actively looking for work, since such methods do not have the potential to help this person get the attention of potential employers.The unemployment rate is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed persons b y the total number of people forming the labor force.Now that we understand what unemployment is and how it is calculated, we can move on to the different types of unemployment.FRICTIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT Frictional unemployment, also referred to as search unemployment, is a type of unemployment that occurs due to normal turnover in the labor market, as people who have left their jobs go through the motions of finding another job. In the course of the year, it is inevitable that some workers will change jobs.Once they do, it will take some time for these workers to learn about new job opportunities, apply for these jobs, go for interviews and get hired. People going through this process are said to be frictionally unemployed.Let’s assume that Annette, who lives and works Nevada, is getting married to Phil, who works in North Carolina. After their wedding, Annette might decide to leave her job in Nevada and find a new job in North Carolina, where she will be closer to her husband. Duri ng this period, as Annette looks for a new job in North Carolina having left her old job, Annette is said to be frictionally unemployed. Similarly, if another person, Melvin, feels unsatisfied with his current job and decides to quit and look for another job, he will be said to be frictionally unemployed during the period between the two jobs.Frictional unemployment also occurs as people who have not been previously employed go through the process of finding work. For instance, if Peggy has just graduated from University and started her job search, it might take her a couple of months before she finds employment. In the period she is actively searching for a job, Peggy is also frictionally unemployed. Similarly, mothers who are returning to the workforce postpartum are also said to be frictionally unemployed.Frictional unemployment stems from economic frictions arising from redeployment of labor. This redeployment may be due to changes in employee demands for employment or changes i n employer’s demand for different types of labor. For instance, if the demand for some goods or services changes, employees who were specialized in the production of these goods or provision of these services will need some time to move to a different line of work.Frictional unemployment occurs not because there is decreased demand for labor, but rather due to difficulties in getting labor and opportunities together. Frictional unemployment is temporary and is considered a natural part of the job search process. Actually, frictional unemployment is beneficial to the economy to some extent, since it makes it possible for workers to move to jobs where they can maximize their productivity.There is not much that can be done to reduce frictional unemployment. However, the situation can be improved through measures that improve the mobility of labor, such as provision of information about job openings, provision of information on how workers can improve their job search, improvement in transportation facilities, use of employment exchanges to provide employment assistance, and so on.STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENTStructural unemployment occurs in situations where long term changes in the economy and market conditions create a mismatch between the skills needed by employers and the skills that workers possess. Structural unemployment can also be defined as long term unemployment brought about by a decline in demand for production in certain industries or changes in the production process, leading to reduction in labor requirements or even disinvestment in that particular industry.In some cases, structural unemployment can be a result of geographical reasons, such as in situations where workers may live in areas that are too far away from places where jobs are available. Structural unemployment can also be made worse by some extraneous factors such as government policy, competition and technology.A good example of structural unemployment is the massive loss of well-paying m anufacturing jobs over the last three decades in the United States, caused by a migration of production jobs to Asian countries like China, due to lower production costs in these countries. This shift causes workers who were employed in the manufacturing industry in the United States to be structurally unemployed. In this case, the cause of structural unemployment is globalization.Structural unemployment is the most common type of unemployment. It is also the worst type of unemployment. Since it is caused by forces other than the business cycle, it is more permanent in nature compared to other types of unemployment. Its effects can last for decades.Structural unemployment is also harder to correct and may need radical changes for the situation to be rectified. Workers who are structurally unemployed are either forced to learn a new skill or move to regions where their specific skill set is still in demands, both of which are difficult for many workers.While some governmental policie s may be put in place to reduce structural unemployment, their effect is usually minimal, since the market is no longer in need of the skills of the structurally unemployed group.CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT Alex works at an auto factory. If the economy goes into a recession today, less and less people will spend their money buying cars. With the decreased demand for cars, there will be less work to do at the factory, and in a bid to maintain profit margins, the auto maker might be forced to lay off Alex. In this case, Alex will have experienced cyclic unemployment. Once the economy strengthens, more people will start buying cars, there will be more work to be done at the factory, and Alex will probably be rehired.Cyclical unemployment occurs as a result of the contraction phase of the business cycle. This phase is characterized by a dramatic decrease in the aggregate demand for goods and services, which in turn forces businesses to lay off employees in order to minimize costs. This kind o f unemployment is referred to as cyclical because it is related to the business cycle. Over time, the economy goes through many ups and downs. During periods of contraction, workers get laid off in large numbers in what is known as downsizing.Once the economy enters the expansion phase, workers get rehired in large numbers. Cyclical unemployment can also be referred to as demand-deficient unemployment, since it is caused by a deficiency in demand or purchasing power. Cyclical unemployment is a major cause of high unemployment. Since it is caused by a decrease in general demand, cyclical unemployment affects all industries simultaneously.Cyclical unemployment can lead to a downward spiral of unemployment. Workers who have been laid off due to decreased demand now have less disposable income to spend on things they need, which lowers demand and business revenue even further, resulting in more workers being laid off. If no intervention is made, this downward spiral continues until the supply of labor decreases enough to match the decreased demand. This can lead to very high levels of unemployment.This is what happened during after the stock market crash of 1929. The government failed to intervene, causing a downward spiral of unemployment and decreased demand that led to the Great Depression, which lasted a decade and raised the unemployment rate to 25%. It was demand for military equipment resulting from the start of World War II that finally lifted the economy from the Great Depression.Cyclical unemployment can also lead to structural unemployment. In a bid to minimize costs and maintain profit margins, businesses which have already laid off workers due to an economic downtown might implement some changes in their production process. Once the economy re-enters the expansion phase, workers who had been laid off might need new skills in order to be rehired. Those unwilling to go back to school and learn new skills end up being structurally unemployed, since their former skills are no longer required.What then should be done to prevent the self-fulfilling downward spiral of cyclical unemployment? The solution is to implement measures that will increase total expenditure in the economy, which will in turn drive up the effective demand. This can be done through expansive monetary policies and fiscal policies such as deficit financing. Fortunately, since cyclical unemployment follows the phases of the business cycle, it cannot be a permanent phenomenon.SEASONAL UNEMPLOYMENTPeople often confuse seasonal unemployment with cyclical unemployment, owing to the fact that both of them occur at certain times and not others. There is a difference between the two. Whereas cyclical unemployment is tied to the business cycle, seasonal unemployment is tied to regular changes in the season. For instance, ice cream vendors are seasonally unemployed during winter, since there is minimal demand for ice cream.Ski instructors, on the other hand, become seasonally unemployed in summer, since most of the skiing happens during winter. Workers who harvest crops are also seasonally unemployed in between harvests.Seasonal unemployment is caused by a seasonal pattern of demand or due to the fact that some industries only produce or distribute their products seasonally. As a result, these industries hire high numbers of workers in peak season and lay many of them off during off-peak seasons. Seasonal unemployment is mainly common in industries such as farming, construction, entertainment, fishing, and tourism.It’s good to note that the Bureau of Labor Statistics does not keep track of seasonal unemployment. Instead, they make adjustments to their estimates to factor in such seasonal variables.TECHNOLOGICAL UNEMPLOYMENT In January 2018, a union representing workers in the oil sands extractions industry made a public outcry against one the biggest companies in the industry. The company was in the process of implementing autonomous ore-hauling truck s, a move that would see over 400 workers laid off by the company. If the company succeeded in the implementation of the driverless trucks and the subsequent laying off of workers, these employees would have experienced technological unemployment.Technological unemployment is a type of unemployment that occurs in situations where workers lose their jobs due to technological improvement. Companies are always looking for ways of minimizing costs or making production more efficient.This might happen through the introduction of new machinery, introduction of labor-saving devices, improvement of production methods, and so on. When this happens, it is inevitable that some workers will lose their jobs as a result. Technological unemployment can be termed as a subset of structural unemployment. The laid off workers lose their jobs since their skills are no longer needed in the market.In developed countries, technological unemployment is usually a temporary phenomenon. The introduction of mo re capital promotes creation of many allied industries and leads to diversification of activities, creating new job opportunities that absorb the workers who became unemployed due to technological change. For instance, when the tractor was introduced, it displaced a great number of workers who were working in farms.As demand for tractors rose, many of those who had lost their jobs in the farms found work in factories assembling and repairing tractors. Similarly, the introduction of unmanned military drones reduced the demand for military pilots, but it increased the demand for drone controllers and analysts to make sense of the information collected by drones. Since most technology in developed countries is at advanced stages, their economies do not experience any sudden shifts due to technology either, thus minimizing the impact of technological unemployment.In underdeveloped countries, technological change is a much bigger problem. Introduction of new technology leads to displacem ent of huge portions of the labor force, yet the creation of allied industries is minimal, so few jobs are created to absorb the unemployed workers. The solution to technological unemployment is to ensure the large scale creation of new jobs in other fields.CLASSICAL UNEMPLOYMENTThis type of unemployment is also referred to as induced unemployment or real wage unemployment. This type of unemployment occurs in situations where wages are higher than the laws of supply and demand can support. Since companies have to pay more per employee, they can only afford a few employees, forcing them to lay off the other employees.In some cases, classical unemployment can even force businesses to do away with some positions. Classical unemployment is caused by one of the following situations:Powerful trade unions negotiate for salaries and benefits that are above the market equilibrium.The government comes up with legal minimum wages that are higher than the market equilibrium.Wages set by long te rm contracts exceed the equilibrium due to recession, forcing a company to lay off some workers to maintain the wages set by the contract.To make it easier to understand, let’s use an example. Let us assume that a business is willing to pay $30,000 to its salespeople. The business knows that the revenue brought by each salesperson is above $30,000, therefore the business can still remain profitable at this wage rate.At the same time, the union for salespeople within the area has negotiated for salaries of $40,000 per year, and no unemployed worker in the area is willing to work as a salesperson for less than $40,000.In this case, the real wages unemployed workers in the area are willing to accept is higher that the wages the company is ready to pay. Consequently, the business will refrain from hiring salespeople, leading to an instance of classical unemployment.CASUAL UNEMPLOYMENTIn some industries, workers are employed to perform contractual jobs on a day-to-day basis. Once the c ontract â€" which is usually short term in nature â€" terminates, the worker becomes unemployed and has to find another job elsewhere or get into a new contract with the same firm if they have some more work.Such a worker is said to be experiencing casual unemployment until they find another job. In other words, casual unemployment is the inevitable time delay when a casual worker is in between two jobs.Casual unemployment is common in industries where workers are hired on short term contract basis, such as agriculture and construction industries. Casual unemployment also happens in situations where some extra workers are required to perform a one-off job.For instance, in a dockyard, extra workers might be hired to help with loading or unloading. Once the task is done, the extra workers are let go and they become casually unemployed. The same happens in times of events such as weddings and parties.A caterer providing services in a wedding might hire extra workers to help serve food at the wedding. Once the wedding is over, these extra workers become casually unemployed. Casual unemployment is also common in the film industry where junior actors are hired on a casual basis.NATURAL UNEMPLOYMENTThis is a broad category of unemployment which covers some of the other types of unemployment discussed above. Natural unemployment is defined as the lowest rate of unemployment that an economy can support. Even when an economy is at its healthiest, it is inevitable that there will be some level of unemployment. It is impossible for 100% of the labor force to be employed. Natural unemployment can therefore be considered as a baseline below which the levels of unemployment cannot decline.Natural unemployment is termed as ‘natural’ because it is caused by other factors that are independent of the state of the economy. No economic or market fix can be made to eliminate natural unemployment. Since unemployment rates cannot fall below the natural unemployment rate, an econo my that has reached this point is said to be at full employment. Natural unemployment may be due to frictional, structural or classical unemployment.Economists consider a natural unemployment rate of around 4% to be an indicator of a healthy economy. The lowest natural unemployment rate ever experienced in the United States was 2.5%, in May 1953.DISGUISED UNEMPLOYMENTTake a situation where a family in an urban setting owns a business that can be effectively run by 5 people. Unable to find employment in any other place, all the 8 members of the family decide to work in the family business. While it might seem like all the members of this family are employed, three of them are actually unemployed. The work they do does not in any way improve the productivity of the family business. If anything, they might end up hampering productivity.Also referred to as hidden unemployment, disguised unemployment is a form of unemployment where it may seem that some people are employed, when in fact they are not. Disguised unemployment occurs in situations where there is overemployment or where employees are working in a redundant manner. With surplus manpower employed, the marginal productivity of some individuals falls to zero.Even if such employees are removed, the level of output does not get affected. This kind of unemployment is termed as disguised unemployment because the individuals who are disguisedly unemployed are not counted in official unemployment statistics, yet their employment provides little value to the economy in terms of productivity.Disguised unemployment is common in developing countries where increasing populations result in a surplus in the labor force.WRAPPING UPUnemployment occurs when people of working age who are willing to work cannot find any jobs. Unemployment is a natural part of the job search process; it is impossible for 100% of a country’s labor force to be employed. The different types of unemployment are frictional, structural, cyclical, seasonal, technological, classical, casual, natural and disguised unemployment.As you might have noticed from this article, many types of unemployment occur as a result of immobility of labor.Unemployment is divided into different types to help economists understand the economy and come up with strategies to lower the rate of unemployment. The goal of any economy is to achieve full employment.

William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet - 946 Words

The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet is probably the most well know play throughout the world. The play is by far the most famous of Sir William Shakespeare. There are many unique characters in the play some of the main ones are, Romeo and Juliet clearly. There are Romeo’s best friends Mercutio the more outgoing one who wants to live life to its fullest. The other Benvolio is very calm and tries to avoid a fight, he doesn’t get rattled easily, unlike Mercutio. Then there is Juliet’s best friend Tybalt, the one who always wants a fight. He ends up getting himself killed by Romeo. The nurse the one who raised Juliet her whole life. One of the most important characters in the play is the Friar. He is the one who married the couple, and also gave the potion to juliet. The most simple summary of the play is, two star crossed lovers were forbidden to be together. They tried to be together, but it ended tragically with their deaths. The ones responsible for the star crossed couple s deaths, is the star crossed couple themselves. Romeo and Juliet could have prevented their deaths by doing a number of things. How was its Romeo’s fault? Romeo played a key role in both his and juliet s death. At the very beginning of the play Romeo is upset about being rejected by his one and only love rosaline. Romeo’s friends Mercutio and Benvolio were worried about him. To try to help him get over this girl, they tried to convince him to go to a party. The party was hosted by the capulets, Romeo wasShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1287 Words   |  6 PagesLizzy Baginski English Composition 2 Mr. Spera March 10, 2015 Romeo and Juliet Research Paper The movie Romeo and Juliet is a modern classic film that took place in 1996. Overall this is a timeless story that everyone should go and watch. 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Two famous men grab my attention who didn’t fear forRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesRomeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare s most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers. Romeo and Juliet belongs to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. The plot is based on an ItalianRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1124 Words   |  5 PagesThe play Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. 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When it comes to many of Shakespeare s plays, Aristotle s theory is used to describe them as tragedies. Romeo and Juliet is known by many as a tragedyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1264 Words   |  6 Pagestheater-going public the most important dramatist in English literature, Shakespeare oc cupies a well-known position in the world of talented authors. His canon contains thirty-seven plays, written in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Additionally, throughout the years, they continue to sustain critical attention, with the majority of his works circling tragedies, one being Romeo and Juliet. William Shakespeare s Romeo and Juliet speaks to the timeless appeal of star-crossed lovers. Their loveRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet924 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy that follows the so-called love of two teenagers. The two fall in love at a masked ball and have a secret marriage. Throughout the play, their actions show how ridiculous love is, and how it is a danger to anyone who become twisted in its choking grasp. However, in the death of the youth and survival of the elders, an alternative explanation for the tragic events may be found. Although Shakespeare seems to be mocking love throughout the play, itRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1279 Words   |  6 Pagesour lives. The great, classic writers teach timeless, valuable life skills. Shakespeare was the greatest writer of all time. His writings mainly consisted of dramas and sonnets. Romeo and Juliet, as well as, A MIdsummer Night’s Dream were written about the same time period. He was able to inter relate everything that wrote. For example, the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe could possibly be an advertisement for Romeo and Juliet. The basic structure of the two dramas is the same; two forbidden lovers meet

Procter And Gamble A Family Brand That Provides Everyday...

Procter and Gamble is a family brand that provides everyday use products for children and adults. Their target audience for this campaign was families but specifically, athletes and their mothers. PG wanted to moms to be synonymous with the 2004 Winter Olympic Games. The opportunity that they wanted to leverage was all the media coverage on the athletes themselves and their moms and the Winter Olympics hosted in Sochi, Russia. The programming that PG used was directed mostly at social networks/sites and television media. 101 days before Sochi they globally premiered the â€Å"Raising an Olympian† film series. This film series introduced the athletes to the world. To drive more views to their campaign, the launched a viral video â€Å"Pick Them Back Up† one month out from the Olympics. Lastly, in Sochi, PG hosted a Family Home that catered to both parents and only featured PG brands. This home was the center of all PG social media content. The objectives that PG wanted to focus on are: o Drive brand linkage in a way that supports the greater PG brand equity and spurs purchase preference ï‚ § This objective was an impact objective that had a timeframe and was also measurable. With this campaign they were able to drive brand linkage by 8%. Equity also increased during game time. o Make moms an inescapable and universally accepted part of the global Olympic conversation ï‚ § According to the PG project overview, when moms hit Sochi, the PG Family Home was their home away from home.Show MoreRelatedProctor and Gamble2710 Words   |  11 PagesProcter Gamble is an American global corporation based in Cincinnati, Ohio. It’s known as the world’s largest consumer goods company. PG is ranked 86 in the 2012 fortune 500 list with a revenue of $ 82.5 billion. As of 2008, PG is the 23rd largest US company by revenue and 14th largest by profit. 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Crisp industry started as a post war snack industry in most parts of Europe and America. First people fried potato crisps in small fryers and they were simply sold as a non glamorous substitute product at the time of meat and flour rationing. This industry has picked up in 1950’s and later in 1960’s through media advertisement and a growing awareness among the modern post modern generation about popular foods. Crisps did have their start into theRead MoreCulture in Marketing Essay4606 Words   |  19 Pagespromotional campaign and differences in the way a culture organises itself socially may affect the way a product is positioned in the market and the benefits a consumer may seek from that product. A sewing machine in one culture may be seen as a useful hobby but in another culture a sewing machine may be necessary to the survival of a family. Kotler (2003 included such things as reference groups, family roles and status within social factors. 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Product Proposal Template Free Essays

Product Proposal Template †¢ [Bulleted lists and bracketed text are descriptive, and should not appear in final documents. ] †¢ Assume your proposal will be one of many reviewed by potential investors. It should be accurate, concise, and self-contained. We will write a custom essay sample on Product Proposal Template or any similar topic only for you Order Now Don’t assume the reader is familiar with you or your product. †¢ The proposal should be well organized, clearly written, and flow smoothly from one item to the next. The style and information should be consistent, even if different people write different parts. †¢ Use graphics (charts, diagrams, etc) where they can be more effective than text (â€Å"a picture is worth a thousand words†). Do not use cutesy or unnecessary pictures. †¢ Include or attach tables or spreadsheets for lists and comparisons. Product Proposal for [Concept] Executive Summary †¢ Write the summary last, not first. †¢ Summarize all key ideas from the proposal in less than one page. †¢ Describe the product in the first paragraph. †¢ Do not use graphics, tables, etc. Overview 1 Introduction †¢ Describe the product, its key features and functionality. 2 Abbreviations and Definitions †¢ List and define all abbreviations and non-standard terms used. 3 Background Describe any background required to understand the product or its importance, including market or technology trends. Market Analysis 1 Needs Analysis †¢ Describe who needs the product, and why. †¢ For each market of interest, describe key characteristics, including size. †¢ Summarize the customer’s total cost. Include hardware unless you are assuming that your customers already own the necessary hardware. 2 Competitive Analysis †¢ Describe competing products, and their relative strengths ; weaknesses. †¢ Include or attach a table to summarize key characteristics. †¢ Use text (or subsections) for details not easily captured in the table. Feature or Characteristic |[Proposed Product] |Competitor(s) | | | |[#1] |[#2] |[#3] |[#4] | | | | | | | | Requirements 1 Actors ; Use Cases †¢ Describe the general categories of people who will use the product. †¢ Describe any external systems that will interact with the product. For each actor, describe why and how they interact with the product. †¢ For each actor, describe any special characteristics or backgrou nd. †¢ Include or attach a table to summarize which actors perform which use cases, especially if there is overlap. |Use Case |Actor(s) | | |[#1] |[#2] |[#3] |[#4] |[#5] | | | | | | | | Requirements †¢ Include or attach a table (or a full spreadsheet) to list and describe key requirements, such as: o hardware or software (platform dependencies) o performance o networking o concurrency o data storage o internationalization (multiple languages, currencies, time zones) o error handling ; security o testing ; documentation o installation Category |Requirement |Priorit|Phase |Cost | | | |y | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 Deliverables List and describe items that must be completed in order to complete this product, such as: o hardware components o software components o packaging ; documentation o licenses, user names, passwords Design 1 User Interfaces †¢ Describe the user interface(s). †¢ Include or attach sketches or mockups of GUI screens where applicable. 2 UML Design D iagrams †¢ Describe the key data objects and relationships (data diagrams). †¢ Describe any complex interactions among actors and product components (interaction diagrams). †¢ Describe the logical and physical architecture (deployment diagrams). Include or attach diagrams where applicable. 3 Other †¢ Describe any other design issues, such as: o novel algorithms or data structures o significant challenges or risks o 3rd party components you will use (commercial, open source, etc) o potential patents Project Plan 1 Team and Organization †¢ Describe each member of your team and their roles and responsibilities. †¢ Describe any missing skills you will need to make this product successful. †¢ Describe how your team is organized. 2 Estimates ; Schedule †¢ Describe the expected project schedule. Include or attach applicable tables or planning diagrams, such as: o work breakdown schedules (WBS) o PERT/CPM networks, Gantt charts, etc. (if applicable) |Date |Own er |Action or Deliverable | | | | | | | | | Resource ; Budget Requirements †¢ List and describe any needed resources (equipment, facilities, services, etc). †¢ List all costs required to build and deploy the product, including: o Supporting hardware and software that must be purchased o Effort by developers, testers, writers, etc o Sales and marketing †¢ List expected revenue sources and projected revenue. †¢ Describe your expected profit margin. †¢ Include or attach applicable tables or spreadsheets. Category |Item |Count |Unit Cost |Total Cost | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4 Risks †¢ List and describe risks that could affect features, schedule, or cost. For each, estimate probability and impact, and describe possible responses. †¢ Include or attach applicable tables or spreadsheets. |Category |Risk |Prob |Impact |Response | | | | | | | | | | | | | References †¢ List citations for any published material (including books, articles, product documentation, and web pages) used when preparing the proposal, whether or not they are quoted or cited elsewhere in the proposal. How to cite Product Proposal Template, Papers

Trash Vortex free essay sample

Great Pacific Garbage Patch. â€Å"It’s in the middle of nowhere, and because we don’t see it†¦we pretend it doesn’t exist† The objective of this essay is to let people know about this issue, to make you understand why is necessary reduce the use of plastic. And the better way to let you realize how important is this topic, is telling you about The Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Something that people don’t know is that plastic can’t biodegrade while is in water, it â€Å"photo-degrade† converting plastic in smaller pieces, so plastic never stops existing it just turn into minute particles. So, if it doesn’t stops existing, where is all the plastic? It just becomes microscopic and may be eaten by tiny marine organisms, entering the food chain. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a gyre between Hawaii and California, also known as the Trash Vortex, is twice size of France, or size of Texas, which is six times the amount of plankton in the ocean made of plastic debris. We will write a custom essay sample on Trash Vortex or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Costumers of plastic don’t know about how dangerous can be the use of plastic irresponsibly. Every time we throw plastics away, no matter if it’s in a litter, or in streets, wind, air, and water are always carrying plastics and are going to end up at ocean. Plastics act as a â€Å"chemical sponge†, they can concentrate a lot of damaging pollutants, and so, any animal that eats that will also be taking toxic pollutants. Why do we care about this trash vortex? Because is killing millions of birds and marine mammals every year, who consume or get tangled in plastic debris. Environmentalist Charles Moore said, â€Å"We will be drowning in a plastic soup at the end† So, we need to start by stopping. The better way is saying no to plastic bags, and plastic bottles, do we really need to use plastic toys? By reducing, reusing and recycling we can make a change in our world. M-

Intel A Corporation essays

Intel A Corporation essays "A corporation is a business that, although owned by one or more investors, legally has the rights and duties of an individual. Corporations have the right to buy, sell, and own property. Corporations may make legal contracts, hire and fire workers, set prices, and be sued, fined, and taxed. A business must obtain a charter of incorporation from a state legislature or Congress to be legally recognized as a corporation."(Watson, p211) While corporations didn't exist until the mid to late 1800s, the idea of the corporation had existed since the early 1600s. It all started with English merchants who started trading companies to help fund the early colonies. If the colonies thrived, the stockholders reaped in the profit. (Watson, p211) A corporation is started when a sole proprietorship, a one-owner business, that is the most common form of business institution in the US, or a partnership, an association of two or more people in order to run a business, decides that they don't want to be personally responsible for any loss the company might have. (Watson, p211) Or they might decide that they want the company to "live on" after they die, that is for the business to have "unlimited life". Since neither of these goals can be reached with a sole proprietorship, or a partnership, the owner (or owners, as the case may be) decide that he (they) want to "convert" their business to a corporation. The owner(s) file a charter of incorporation from the government to be legally recognized as a corporation. (Boyd, March, 99) The owner(s) then sell shares of stock, documents representing ownership in the corporation, to investors. These investors buy and sell the stock to small investors, or stockholders. Since there is n o limit to the number of shareholders to a company, the investors vote (for every share you own you get one vote) on a board of directors. The board of directors are in charge of hiring the people responsible for the eve...

Biography of Sonia Delaunay, Modernist Designer

Biography of Sonia Delaunay, Modernist Designer Sonia Delaunay (born Sophia Stern; November 14, 1885 – December 5, 1979) was one of the pioneers of abstract art at the turn of the century. She is best known for her participation in the art movement of Simultaneity (also known as Orphism), which placed vibrant contrasting colors alongside one another in order to stimulate the feeling of movement in the eye. She was also a highly successful textile and clothing designer, making a living off of the colorful dress and fabric designs she produced in her Paris studio. Early Life Sonia Delaunay was born Sophia Stern in 1885 in Ukraine. (Though she lived there only briefly, Delaunay would cite the brilliant sunsets of Ukraine as the inspiration behind her colorful textiles.) By the age of five she had moved to Saint Petersburg to live with her wealthy uncle. She was eventually adopted by their family and became Sonia Terk. (Delaunay is sometimes referred to as Sonia Delaunay-Terk.) In St. Petersburg, Delaunay lived the life of a cultured aristocrat, learning German, English, and French and traveling often. Delaunay moved to Germany to attend art school, and then eventually went on to Paris, where she enrolled in lAcadà ©mie de la Palette. While in Paris, her gallerist Wilhelm Uhde agreed to marry her as a favor, so that she could avoid moving back to Russia. Though a marriage of convenience, her association with Uhde would prove instrumental. Delaunay exhibited her art for the first time at his gallery and through him met many important figures in the Parisian art scene, including Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and her future husband, Robert Delaunay. Sonia and Robert married in 1910, after Sonia and Uhde amicably divorced. Fascination with Color In 1911, Sonia and Robert Delaunays son was born. As a baby blanket, Sonia sewed a patchwork quilt of brilliant colors, reminiscent of the bright colors of folkloric Ukrainian textiles. This quilt is an early example of the Delaunays’ commitment to Simultaneity, a way of combining contrasting colors to create a sensation of movement in the eye. Both Sonia and Robert used it in their painting to evoke the fast pace of the new world, and it became instrumental to the appeal of Sonia’s home furnishings and fashions which she would later turn into a commercial business. Twice a week, in Paris, the Delaunays attended the Bal Bullier, a fashionable nightclub and ballroom. Though she would not dance, Sonia was inspired by the movement and action of dancing figures. At the turn of the century, the world was rapidly industrializing, and artists found figurative representation to be insufficient in describing the changes they were observing. For Robert and Sonia Delaunay, saturation of color was the way to depict the electric vibrations of modernity and the best way to describe the subjectivity of the self. Sonia Delauanay, Flamenco Dancer. 1916. Oil on canvas. Private collection. WikiArt / Public Domain Advances in the science of color theory had proved that perception was inconsistent among individual perceivers. The subjectivity of color, as well the realization that vision was a state of perpetual flux, was a reflection of the unstable world of political and social change in which the only thing man could verify was his individual experience. As an expression of her subjective self, as well as due to her fascination with juxtaposing color, Sonia made the first simultaneous dresses, much like the colorful patchwork quilts she made for her son, which she wore to the Bal Bullier. Soon she was making similar items of clothing for her husband and the various poets and artists close to the couple, including a vest for poet Louis Aragon. Spain and Portugal At the outbreak of World War I, Sonia and Robert were vacationing in Spain. They decided not to return to Paris, but instead to exile themselves to the Iberian Peninsula. They successfully settled into expat life, using the isolation to focus on their work. After the Russian Revolution in 1917, Sonia lost the income that she had been receiving from her aunt and uncle in St. Petersburg. Left with little means while living in Madrid, Sonia was forced to found a workshop which she named Casa Sonia (and later renamed to Boutique Simultanà ©e upon return to Paris). From Casa Sonia, she produced her increasingly popular textiles, dresses, and home goods. Through her connections with fellow Russian Sergei Diaghilev, she designed eye popping interiors for the Spanish aristocracy. Delaunay became popular at a moment in which fashion was significantly changing for young European women. The First World War demanded that women enter the workforce, and as a result, their attire had to change to accommodate their new tasks. After the war was over, it was difficult to convince these women to return to the more restrictive dress of the 1900s and 1910s. Figures like Delaunay (and, perhaps most famously, her contemporary Coco Chanel) designed for the New Woman, who was more interested in freedom of movement and expression. In this way, Delaunay’s designs, which focused on movement of the eye across their patterned surfaces, also encouraged movement of the body in their loose fits and billowing scarves, proving two-fold that Delaunay was a champion of this radically new and exciting lifestyle. (Not to mention that she was the primary breadwinner for her family, making Sonia an exemplar for New Womanhood.) An example of Delaunays beachwear. Luigi Diaz / Hulton Archives / Getty Images Collaborations Delaunay’s exuberance and interest in multimedia collaboration, as well as her creative and social friendships with artistic Parisian notables, were fruitful grounds for collaborations. In 1913, Delaunay illustrated the poem Prose du transsibà ©rien, written by the couple’s good friend, Surrealist poet Blaise Cendrars. This work, now in the collection of Britain’s Tate Modern, bridges the gap between poetry and the visual arts and uses Delaunay’s understanding of undulating form to illustrate the action of the poem. Her collaborative nature also led her to her design costumes for many stage productions, from Tristan Tzara’s play the Gas Heart to Sergei Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes. Delaunay’s output was defined by the fusion of creativity and production, where no element of her life was relegated to a single category. Her designs adorned the surfaces of her living space, covering the wall and furniture as wallpaper and upholstery. Even the doors in her apartment were decorated with poems scrawled by her many poet friends. An example of Delaunays painted work.   Getty Images Later Life and Legacy Sonia Delaunay’s contribution to French art and design was acknowledged by the French government in 1975 when she was named an officer of the Legion d’Honneur, the highest merit awarded to French civilians. She died in 1979 in Paris, thirty-eight years after her husbands death. Her effusiveness for art and color has had lasting appeal. She continues to be celebrated posthumously in retrospectives and group shows, independently and alongside the work of her husband Robert. Her legacy in the worlds of both art and fashion will not soon be forgotten. Sources Buck, R., ed. (1980). Sonia Delaunay: A Retrospective. Buffalo, NY: Albright-Knox Gallery.Cohen, A. (1975). Sonia Delaunay. New York: Abrams.Damase, J. (1991).Sonia Delaunay: Fashion and Fabrics. New York: Abrams.Morano, E. (1986). Sonia Delaunay: Art into Fashion. New York: George Braziller.

Assignment s Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

S - Assignment Example Thus, it would be more convenient for the defendants and plaintiffs to attend the court hearing in either Greece or Cyprus. According to Lear, the doctrine of forum non conveniens is supposed to provide convenience to the parties above all else (1147). In Piper vs Reyno the fact that most of the evidence including the plane wreckage and witnesses could be found in Scotland or near Scotland was given as one of the grounds for granting forum non conveniens. Similarly, the plane wreckage is in Athens and since the flights took off from Cyprus, further evidence could be obtained from the ground crew there. Furthermore, some of the evidence is in Greek and Greek law will be applicable in some matters. In Piper vs Reyno, it was reasoned that an American jury will have a hard time understanding foreign laws. If the case is heard in the district court, Greek law would have to apply and it is in doubt if the jury would comprehend Greek law. In Piper vs Reyno, American courts were cautioned against adjudicating foreign matters as this would place unnecessary burden on the American court system. In the case, both the defendant and plaintiffs are foreign citizens therefore meaning the US has little public interest in deciding the matter. In this case, the plaintiffs favor the district court as here they would obtain ten times as much compensation and damages for the suit. However, in Piper vs Reyno it was ruled that plaintiff’s favored forum had little bearing on granting dismissal on grounds of forum non conveniens. If courts were to take plaintiffs choice of forums as weighty consideration then dismissal would be rare. Furthermore, in Yavuz vs 61 MM LTD it was help that claims do not have to be similar to those offered by the district courts for a foreign jurisdiction to be accessed as an adequate forum In addition, the change of forum would not change either party’s case as plaintiffs could still make claims of

The english housel development Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The english housel development - Article Example the beauty and design have to be concordant to each other in such a way that the scheme may explore the needful appearance of the concept in theory1. The relation between Hitchcock and Pugin is that Hitchcock is a critic of building design and he finds Pugin to follow such dimension in his work. The narratives of Pugin are very sensitive in terms of explaining the true sense of functionalism. Such narratives have proven as effective context of understanding design process of functionalism beauty in structures, it is significant to note that the Hitchcock address beholds instruments and the changing circumstances which have conveyed the eligibility of process designing. The criticism that has been put forward by Pugin in his address of functionalism as a process of design critic does not just enhance the limitations and shortcomings but it rather takes a constructive approach to discuss this area of design and aesthetics. On the other hand, Shaw has been critically acclaimed by Muthesius with the usage of sculpture examples in the address. This is fairly different from the approach of Hitchcock who takes a case study approach to solve such aspects2. Thus, it can be said that my personal viewpoint considers the assessment and critical claim of Hitchcock to Pugin’s desi gn is appropriate and worth it as mentioned, â€Å" It is proper to remark that the cluster of pinnacles at A are not carried up for mere ornament, pinnacle at the point of

A Study On Employee Engagement Strategy Management Essay

A Study On Employee Engagement Strategy Management Essay Engagement is about creating opportunities for employees to connect with their colleagues, managers and wider organisation. It is also about creating an environment where employees are motivated to want to connect with their work and really care about doing a good job. Why is employee engagement relevant to ITC? Almost all examples quoted in the consultant findings demonstrate an out-and-out lack of employee engagement; moreover, the opposite appears to be the case. At this point, it is important to note that a global survey by BlessingWhite Intelligence (2008) on the state of employee engagement found that that â€Å"Indian workers are among the most focused and satisfied in the world†. In the Asia-Pacific groupings, full engagement for Indian employees reaches 34% in comparison to the lowest of only 10% for China. Moreover, over 65% of respondents said ‘yes when asked if, assuming they had the choice, they would hope to remain within their organisation in 2008. From this, the apparent lack of employee engagement and retention issues apparent within ITC would appear to point to something we are doing wrong as a company. The first question should be: Why is employee engagement important? Links between employee attitudes, employee management and business performance have been repeatedly demonstrated in CIPD (2009) research, and the Aberdeen Group (2009) reported only this year that 82% of ‘Best-in-Class organisations attributed employee engagement initiatives directly to transformations in revenue and / or profitability. Employee engagement spills into the concept of the ‘psychological contract. The ‘psychological contract is a popular framework within which aspects of the employee relationship can be studied (Bratton Gold, 2007; 14). Guest and Conway (2002) define it as â€Å"the perceptions of the two parties, employee and employer, of what their mutual obligations are towards each other†. These obligations tend to differ from individual-to- individual and are often imprecise / unspoken and inferred â€Å"from actions or from what has happened in the past, as well as from statements made by the employer†(CIPD; Employee engagement; RevisedNovember 2009). This contract forms the basis for employer brand (The psychological contract. Revised January 2009) and often employed to promote in staff retention and recruiting drives. For all of the latter reasons, ITC should pay close heed to this contract. After all, taking account of the emotional needs of the employee ought to be a consideration when we consider they are the only resource within our organization that can simply â€Å"walk out†, taking their skills and possible opinions of negative employer brand with them. Customer service issues With regards the consultant reports of customer service issues, several studies have found that employee engagement is an important variable on this front. The CIPD (2009; 2) reported that Visa Europe figures show that employee engagement levels ran parallel with an increase in customer satisfaction. Likewise, it seems institutive that an increase in customer satisfaction would henceforth lead to an increase financial performance. In a recent study within the customer service industry by Chi and Gursoy (2009), empirical support for this link was indeed presented. On the engagement level, while they found employee satisfaction did not appear to impact on financial performance directly, they did find an indirect relationship between the latter, with customer satisfaction acting as the mediator. Storey, on the other hand refers to engagement as EIP (employee involvement and participation) and stated that it is â€Å"thought to contribute to improved levels of worker satisfaction and commitment and, subsequently, organisational performance.† From this it would appear that engaged and satisfied employees are a requirement for customer satisfaction, with customer satisfaction being the strongest indicator in financial performance. It would also appear, however, that all three variables are required to be woven into the same fabric for overall business success. For ITC, without employee engagement / satisfaction, there will little customer satisfaction, and without customer satisfaction there will be no success. The obvious lack of ITC employee engagement at this moment in time is a worrying factor with regards this tripartite equation. Therefore, the obvious question should be how do we tackle employee disengagement, how do we go about driving employee engagement? Employee engagement drivers According to the CIPD (Employee engagement; Revised November 2009), there is no absolute list definitive of engagement ‘drivers. Their research has shown, however, the key employee engagement drivers are: Opportunities to feed employee views upwards Feeling well-informed about what is happening in the organisation The employee believing that their manager is committed to the organisation Most writers agree that one of the most important factors at play with regards employee engagement is reciprocal communication between management and the requirement to keep all employees well informed, etc. As you might imagine, these factors are also very much involved in the psychological contract; it is also suggested that, in a crisis, â€Å"mutually recognised expectations are best shaped by honest communication and solid information† (Dietz 2009). At this moment in ITC history, we might be described as being on the verge of crisis point. Intranet 2.0 One suggestion that appears oddly lacking in ITC since its inception is our lack of corporate Intranet. All of the key engagement drivers suggested above can to some end be addressed with the implementation of an Intranet solution, this of course would not solve all of our problems, but it would at least supplement any other measures we ultimately put into place. This Intranet should not be of the antiquated variety, that is, one where static pages existed, with the sole purpose of providing information. We should be embracing all that Web 2.0 tools have to offer (i.e. highly dynamic / interactive internal social networking tools, instant messaging, wikis, blogs, discussion forums, and RSS feed technologies, etc.). Intranet 2.0 is still very much in its infancy, so the ability to introduce a rich networking environment is very much in line with core business strategies of innovation and creativity. We also have a largely young workforce, and Web 2.0 technology tools are something the younger generation have grown accustomed, and this acquaintance can be employed to our advantage in the recruitment field. When it comes to the employees call to connect with managers, the desire to believe in their commitment, and having the opportunity to have views fed upwards, the sharing medium of Intranet 2.0 is ideally suited to help facilitate these key engagement drivers. Web 2.0 tools flatten company hierarchy by providing a transparent path of communication between employees at all levels, from the Company Director down to the shop floor worker. It can provide staff across geographical location, irrespective of position or intellect, the opportunity to ‘float ideas on new products ranges, best practices, working procedures, etc. via live suggestion boxes. These ideas can appear in real time and will open to further comments / suggestions by all staff. Intranet 2.0 can also provide a channel for feedback on organisational news announcements, strategies, etc. This type of feedback can help â€Å"managers to gain insight into the needs and motivations of employees† (BlessingWhite, I nc. 2008). Indeed, employee attitude surveys[1] can be a regular feature of the system, the results of which can used to measure employee engagement and gauge feeling amongst the workforce, all of which can help ITC identify areas to focus improvement towards. The ability of such an Intranet to training and development tool cannot be underplayed. It can provide the workforce with the most up-to-date product information, tutorials, and marketing material, etc. This information does not have to appear in the way it did pre-Web 2.0, where static pages were displayed across the organisation, meaning each employee would be required to wade through pages in order to arrive at the relevant ‘nugget of information. Intranet 2.0 provides levels of personalisation to the point of providing â€Å"each employee with news updates focused on their job role† (Nielsen, J. 2009). This would be of particular benefit when it comes to areas such as the customer complaints we have been receiving from the call centre regarding staff not being â€Å"up-to-date† on products. For example, this type of system has capability to consistently display individual staff with the most â€Å"up-to-date† products details and Q A scripts, etc. As this Intranet 2.0 proposition is based on helping the flow of communication across the entire organisation, then logically, we would require all staff to have appropriate access to such a system. Head Office, call centre and retails staff are likely to have ready access to PC, laptop, mobile phone technologies in order to do this. In the factory, however, such access is very likely limited. To get around this, deployment of PCs / touch-screens at specific locations throughout the factory is recommended; perhaps inviting factory floor staff to use the system during lunch breaks, etc. Following the suggestion that we allow all employees across the site access the canteen, situating access in this area would also make sense. Web 2.0 technologies and business performance Beyond the obvious communication-flow benefits of Web 2.0 technologies, recent findings by the Aberdeen Group also provide positive figures for their business performance benefits. Saba (2009) reported that they found that 52 % of organisations who employed social networking tools, blogs, and wikis achieved ‘Best-in-Class compared to only 5% for those who did employ them. They also provided figures for Web 2.0 tools relation to employee engagement. They found an 18% average year-on-year increase in employee engagement for organisations employing Web 2.0 technologies in comparison to a mere 1% for those who did not Bratton, J. and Gold, J. (2007) Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice BlessingWhite, Inc. (2008) The State of Employee Engagement 2008 PDF download under heading of ‘Asia Pacific Overview Website: http://www.blessingwhite.com/research.asp?pid=1 Chi, C. G. and Gursoy, D. (2009) School of Hospitality Business Management, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4742, United States International Journal of Hospitality Management 28 (2009) 245-253 Website: http://www.sciencedirect.com CIPD (2009) An HR directors guide to employee engagement; Discussion paper PDF file available at: http://www.cipd.co.uk/NR/rdonlyres/8DD2561A-D3E3-4E63-9F63-EF74736A17B1/0/hr_director_guide_employee_engagement.pdf CIPD (Revised January 2009) The psychological contract http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/empreltns/psycntrct/psycontr.htm CIPD (Revised November 2009) Employee engagement -How do employers build an engaged workforce? Website: http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/empreltns/general/empengmt.htm Dietz, G. (2009) The psychological contract during the downturn Website: http://www.management-issues.com/2009/8/10/opinion/the-psychological-contract-during-the-downturn.asp Guest, D.E. and Conway, N. (2002) Pressure at work and the psychological contract. London: CIPD Lombardi, M. (2009) Human Capital Management; Employee Engagement is Critical for Organizations Today Website: http://research.aberdeen.com/index.php/analyst-insight/human-capital-management?start=8 Nielsen, J. (2009) Jakob Nielsens Alertbox: 10 Best Intranets of 2009 Website: http://www.useit.com/alertbox/intranet_design.html Saba, J. (2009) Web 2.0 in Talent Management Website: http://research.aberdeen.com/index.php/human-capital-management/86-human-capital-management-insights/588-web-20-in-talent-management

The Giver Essay Dystopia

It is difficult for us to imagine a world without color, personal freedoms, and love, but in this book, the society is exactly this. Being able to make your own choices is really important, most of us don’t realize it right now but it’s important to appreciate freedom. In the Giver, what may seem like a perfect society is actually a dystopia is because theres no individuality, you are assigned a family, and jobs were assigned as well. To begin with, individuality didn’t even exist in this community.Everything is conform, no one is allowed to know their own identity, and everyone’s lives are pre-programmed and ran by the Committee of The Elders. No one had emotions, feelings, or memories. They don’t see color and the weather in neither sunny, rainy, or snowy. Imagine how different life would be without memories or feelings. No stories to tell, not knowing what love is. Therefore, the association that Jonas lives in is dull, pre-planned and un-individ ual.Also, families are assigned in this union. Your placed in a family unit and you aren’t allowed to have your own kids or know your biological parents are. Your paired with a spouse that you don’t even love. How would you feel if your parents were not people who created you? How would you like not knowing who your real parents are? Thus, it’s important to realize how important it is to value your family and freedom because this society had assigned family.Another reason this realm is a dystopia is because jobs are assigned to each person. â€Å" It’s choosing thats important isn’t it? ’’(Pg 110) For instance, being assigned jobs keeps you from living out your dreams and setting goals in life. What if you weren’t able too do what you have a true passion for. How would you like not being able to chose what you want to do for a living. All and all, through these words of evidence, its pretty clear that the community is dystopia .

Hamlet Branaghs Ophelia and Showalters Representing...

Hamlet: Branaghs Ophelia and Showalters Representing Ophelia Ophelia falls to the floor, her screams contrasting eerily with the song pieces she uses as her speech. In an instant she is writhing and thrusting her pelvis in such a gross sexual manner that it becomes clear that, in his film interpretation of William Shakespeares Hamlet, Kenneth Branagh wants to imply a strong relationship between female insanity and female sexuality. Such a relationship is exactly what Elaine Showalter discusses in her essay -- Representing Ophelia: Women, Madness, and the Responsibilities of Feminist Criticism -- I will be showing first of all the representational bonds between female insanity and female sexuality (Showalter 223).†¦show more content†¦Such a deliberate choice by Branagh can be most easily seen by his representation of Ophelia in the mad scene (Hamlet 4.5) and Branaghs inclusion and representation of Ophelia in scenes where she does not appear in the text. In fact, in contrast to past representations of Ophelia when some of her lines were cut, Branagh actually gives his Ophelia more lines than Shakespeare does to better convey Branaghs own interpretation. One such instance occurs when Branagh gives Ophelia a line that is, in the text, Guildensterns: A thing, my lord? (Hamlet 4.2.28). In the Branagh film, Ophelia first appears at the wedding of Claudius and Gertrude ( Hamlet 1.2). Dressed in bright red, with make-up on her face and her hair done beautifully -- up off her face and curled -- Ophelia stands next to her father like a coy maiden: joyfully and dutifully applauding in support of her brother, Laertes, when he obtains permission to leave for France, yet also looking worried about the nighted color of Hamlet. In fact, at the ending of the wedding scene (1.2.129), Ophelia rushes up to comfort Hamlet; she extends her arm and looks as though she will embrace him when Laertes grabs her and leads her off. There is no mention of suchShow MoreRelated Custom Essays: Ophelia as a Sexual Being2180 Words   |  9 PagesOphelia as a Sexual Being in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Elaine Showalters essay, feminist criticism allows Ophelia to upstage Hamlet [and] . . . brings to the foreground . . . the cultural links between femininity, [and] female sexuality (221). In most of his plays, William Shakespeare has many women in secondary roles, only filling dead space or causing strife between men. During Shakespeares time, thoughts of women bordered on weak and deceitful images, leading to the idea of frail, yet conniving

Ece 313 Week 1 Assignment Family Partnerships - 1326 Words

ECE 313 WEEK 1 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY PARTNERSHIPS To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/ece-313-week-1-assignment-family-partnerships/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM ECE 313 WEEK 1 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY PARTNERSHIPS Family Partnerships. Chapter 1 focuses on the family-centered approach to early childhood education, highlighting the importance of the partnership between the family, the early childhood program, and the community to maximize a child’s development and learning. For this assignment, you will create a one- to two-page fact sheet (not including title and reference pages) you can provide to the families in your program that explains the values and challenges of a family-centered approach.†¦show more content†¦For this assignment, you will create a one- to two-page fact sheet (not including title and reference pages) you can provide to the families in your program that explains the values and challenges of a family-centered approach. The content on your fact sheet should: 1. Summarize the components of a family-centered approach. 2. Describe five benefits of a family-centered approach. 3. Describe two potential obstacles to overcome in a family-centered approach. 4. Recommend two strategies to overcome obstacles and enlist the support of parents. In addition to the required content, please be creative with your fact sheet. Keep in mind that this is a resource to be used in the classroom, so make it parent friendly and engaging. You may wish to add visuals and pictures. Be sure to also use at least one scholarly source in addition to the text to support the ideas, and cite all references in APA format as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Activity mode aims to provide quality study notes and tutorials to the students of ECE 313 WEEK 1 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY PARTNERSHIPS in order to ace their studies. ECE 313 WEEK 1 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY PARTNERSHIPS To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/ece-313-week-1-assignment-family-partnerships/ Contact us

Advertising and Reebok - 6354 Words

Integrated Marketing Communication Assignment On Submitted By: Shivani Mehra 08bs0003152 KAOS Member Table of Contents 1. Overview of The Sector 1 2. Introduction 3 3. Analysis of Reebok Taglines and Logos 6 4. Market Segmentation and Positioning 10 5. Reebok Product Mix†¦show more content†¦The Indian footwear retail market is expected to grow at CAGR of over 20% for the periods spanning from 2008 to 2011. Footwear is expected to comprise about 60% of the total leather exports by 2011 from over 38% in 2006-2007. Presently, the Indian footwear market is dominated by Men’s footwear market that accounts for nearly 58% of the total Indian footwear retail market. By products, the Indian footwear market is dominated by casual footwear market that makes up for nearly two-third of the total footwear retai l market. The Indian footwear market scores over other footwear markets as it gives benefits like low cost of production, abundant raw material, and has huge consumption market. The annual domestic consumption of shoes in India is 1.1 billion pairs and it is estimated that the footwear market is around Rs 10, 000 crore and will grow at 10% pa, this offers great opportunities for a company like Bata to expand. MNC Brands Sold in India are sold Adidas, Aldo, Bally, Clarks, Ecco, Florshiem, Ferragammo, Hush Puppies, Lee cooper, Lloyd, Marks amp; Spencer, Nike, Nine West, New Balance, Reebok, Rockport, Stacy Adams, Levi Strauss , Lee Cooper, Puma, Bata. Indian Brands sold in India are Red Tape, Liberty, Khadims, Lakhani, Metro, Action, Provogue, ID, Mamp;B Footwear, Firangi Reebok: Reebok India commands a 51% market share in the premiumShow MoreRelatedMarketing Concept Of Marketing Concepts1131 Words   |  5 Pagesproduct that I choose and love is Reebok [shoes]. In this Reebok company I talk about a Promotion of a product that how a company promotes his brand. Vision statement: Continue bring inspiration to present and future athletes, while maintaining the company standard of quality for its product. Mission statement: At Reebok, we see the world a little differently and throughout our history have made our mark when we have the courage to challenge conventions. Reebok creates products and marketing programsRead MoreMarketing And Brand Positioning Of A Mixed Martial Arts ( Mma ) Star Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This article is about Reebok hoping to take advantage of the Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) star, Ronda Rousey s domination in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) to revive its struggling business by securing a partnership with her. The main issues that will be analysed are concentrated marketing and brand positioning. Concentrated Marketing Targeting is a crucial skill for any marketer. They are told that in order to achieve effective marketing, one has to identify a target market andRead MoreReebok Ad Campaigns1739 Words   |  7 PagesREEBOK Introduction: Reebok is the oldest running shoe company, having been started by a cobbler in the UK in the 1890s. Capitalizing on American Paul Fireman’s foresight into the dance craze, aerobic craze, and later the rise of casual street basketball shoes, Reebok quickly became the number-one selling running shoe, easily beating and staying ahead of the then near-15-year-old Nike. In 1988, Reebok launched its first brand campaign, U.B.U. (ie, Reebok lets you be you). However, it went up againstRead MoreCase Study : Western Canadian Shoe Association1322 Words   |  6 Pagesmust understand the market’s needs to ensure the success of their businesses. Such information can be gained through research. The industry that will form the basis of this paper is Western Canadian Shoe Association. The three brands under study are Reebok, Adidas, and Nike. Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore three companies by focusing on how the brands have been performing as well as what the customers and other stakeholders are saying about the different brands. This study will alsoRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Athletic Footwear Purchases1312 Words   |  6 Pages Athletic footwear purchases by gender in the U.S. from 2007 to 2014* Chart 2: Source (Statista, 2015). Consumer purchases of sports footwear in the U.S. from 2002 to 2015 (in billion U.S. dollars)* Chart 3: Source (Statista, 2015). â€Å"Reebok purchasers showed tendencies that indicate a busy, go-getting type of personality. For example, they were more likely than average to be intensely work-centered (124), approval seeking (118), informed (114) and into health management (110)† (PackagedRead MoreAdidas: Will Restructuring Its Business Lineup Allow It to Catch Nike?1072 Words   |  5 Pagesand TaylorMade-adidas-Golf, while others business units then divested to Amer Sports Corporation. In October 2005, the company looks the opportunity to strengthen its business focus on footwear, apparel and golf equipment by announcement to acquire Reebok International Ltd. for â‚ ¬3.1 billion ($3.8 billion). The new acquisition would increase Adidas’s annual revenues to nearly â‚ ¬9 billion and give the company much stronger presence in North America, which accounted for 50% of global sporting goods marketRead MoreUnder Armour Essay1001 Words   |  5 Pagesof the strength of competitive pressures stemming from rivalry among Under Armour, Nike and Adidas-Reebok? The Rivalry among competing sellers of sporting goods such as Under Armour, Nike, and Adidas-Reebok is strong and likely to intensify. The rivalry among sporting good sellers of energy will keep growing and will become stronger in coming years. Under Armour. Nike, and Adidas-Reebok have similar or competing product offerings and that is why competition among them is so high. If theseRead More Sports and the Business World Essay1266 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen taking a different approach. Most teams will advertise there big sports star in trying to have people buy there gear, buy tickets, or simply support their team. But the most effective way to market your team is getting to the kids first. In advertising for a younger generation, you will tie the kids in more at an earlier age and hopefully will stay with the team throughout the years. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Reaching tomorrow’s fans, teams seek long-term benefits from marketing to kids andRead MoreNike Marketing Strategy Review1044 Words   |  5 Pageswas simple: Provide high-quality running shoes designed especially for athletes by athletes. Knight believed that high-tech shoes for runners could be manufactured at competitive prices if imported from abroad. Without much cash to do any advertising for his products, Knight crafted his grass roots philosophy of selling athletic shoes: Speaking to athletes in their language and on their level; sharing their true passion for running; and listening to their feedback about his products andRead MoreA Advertisement For Reebok s Sports943 Words   |  4 PagesThis advertisement, for Reebok, shows six pictures of J.J. Watt pulling weights behind him while running in a football stadium with fire behind him. On the bottom of the advertisement is the text, â€Å"PUMP TO FIT. FIT TO IGNITE.†. In the center of the advertisement is a concrete sidewalk with football turf on both sides and Reebok Zpump tennis shoes in the middle of the sidewalk, displaying the little round pump button on the tennis shoes. The thesis for this ad is: Wear these tennis shoes and you will

50 Shades of Grey Review Free Essays

This book’s main characters consisted of Anastasia Steele, an independent, driven college student, who speaks is telling the story, and Christian Grey, CEO of Grey Enterprises Holdings and Co, and is portrayed throughout this book in a sense as if he is every girl’s dream guy. Anastasia is forced to interview Christian Grey for her roommate, Kat, because she had fallen ill. When Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on 50 Shades of Grey Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now Grey meets Anastasia, he is intrigued with her. He then starts to make appearances at her work to buy different items, which come to find out is used sexually for binding and arousal. She is skeptical when he shows up to her hardware store because of his status and wealth. He asks her out for coffee but only for him to draw away from her afterwards. She â€Å"kicks herself† for thinking he would want anything to do with her but he in reality, he withdraws for other reasons than what she had assumed. He sends her a number of really expensive, old school books that she had said she liked but didn’t feel comfortable keeping them because of how pricey they were. Christian comes over to her apartment and discusses the â€Å"contract† to her, which basically states that she will be his sex slave but will not do physical harm to the point of injury, but she lets him know that she is a virgin. Christian eventually ends up taking Anastasia’s virginity, but she still says she needs time to think about the contract, and whether or not she is going to sign it. She is open-minded and willing to trying new things, but more importantly, trying to be a part of his world. Due to the fact that she was inexperienced and unfamiliar with what people are sexually involved with, the crazy things she sees as a curse, she is open to try. He doesn’t want to show her â€Å"his world† all the way because he feels something different for her. She is not just like any of his other submissive partners, but when she asks for it, she experiences something she can’t bare, and then leaves him. Due to this being the first book in a set of a trilogy, it ends with the reader anticipating more, and with much more of a story to tell. Overall the book was a good read and touched on some various topics that are discussed in our class. The main topics that were displayed in this book to me were the sexual response cycle, spontaneous vs. planned sex, intimacy, as well as the use of erotica and fantasy. The sexual response cycle is pretty apparent throughout the majority of the sex scenes in the book. Anastasia is clear to document her stages of arousal and climax during her moments with Christian Grey and is often times overwhelmed or subdued by what she is experiencing. â€Å"He leans down and kisses me, his fingers still moving rhythmically inside me, his thumb circling and pressing. His other hand scoops my hair off my head and holds my head in place. His tongue mirrors the actions of his fingers, claiming me. My legs begin to stiffen as I push against his hand. He gentles his hand, so I’m brought back from the brink †¦ I come instantly again and again, falling apart beneath him †¦ then I’m building again †¦ I climax anew, calling out his name. † (pg. 195, 196) I also noticed the correlation between spontaneous sex and intimacy. It seems that when the sex was planned in this book, there was more intent to have casual sex and heavily influenced with lust. When the sex scenes were spontaneous, the intimacy levels were definitely increased, and often times it seemed as if the sex was more meaningful. Before I know it, he’s got both of my hands in his viselike grip above my head, and he’s pinning me to the wall using his lips †¦ His other hand grabs my hair and yanks down, bringing my face up, and his lips are on mine †¦ My tongue tentatively strokes his and joins his in a slow, erotic dance. † (pg. 78) The main points of this book focused around the topic of fantasy’s and the use of erotica. Christian Grey is into dominance and submissive styl es of sex, and makes it very apparent to Anastasia that this is what he enjoys. Since Anastasia was a virgin at the beginning of the story, she was oblivious to how adventurous and creative sex can be. â€Å"At the touch of leather, I quiver and gasp. He walks around me again, trailing the crop around the middle of my body. On his second circuit, he suddenly flicks the crop, and it hits me underneath my behind †¦ against my sex †¦ The shock runs through me, and it’s the sweetest, strangest, hedonistic feeling †¦ My body convulses at the sweet, stinging bite. My nipples harden and elongate from the assault, and I moan loudly, pulling on my leather cuffs. † (pg. 323) How to cite 50 Shades of Grey Review, Essay examples

Sociology Research Paper free essay sample

How and Does Immigration Affect the American Economy? A Review of the Literature Joshua Kashani, Ahmad Khalil, JD Lindayag, Francis Ignacio Sociology 4 Professor Hoshiar October 3, 2012 Immigration and the Economy ii Immigration and the Economy ii Does Immigration Affect the U. S Economy? A Review of the Literature In this day of age, many Americans are having a hard time looking for jobs due to the economy. The area of concern that we are researching is the effects of immigration on U. S. job employment rates and whether it’s heavily affecting US citizens or not. There are four conflicts which we decided to cover, which are, wages, education, race, and also supply and demand for U. S. workers (Peri, 2010; Anrig, 2004; Camarota, 2010; amp; Smite, 1997). The reason why we decided to research this topic is to provide information on how immigration either a positive or negative effect to the employment rates here in America. With that said, our hypothesis is that immigration will have a negative effect on American workers due to the fact that they will have more competition to the mass immigration over the past decade. The rest of this literature review will be split up into four sections, discussing the four conflicts we have chosen followed by a conclusion. 1 Does the education level depict who is affected more severely by immigration? 2 Does immigration impact wages? 3 Does immigration increase supply of labor create a demand for less American workers? Are different races (location) affected differently by immigration? Effects on Wages Illegal immigration has a dramatic effect on wages in the lower class area of the American economy in many different ways (Caramota, 2005). One way that immigrants affect wages is by working for less money once they arrive to the country (Caramota, 2005). Most of the time the level of education of immigrants is much lower than the level of education of native United Sta tes citizens (Caramota, 2005). This means that if Immigration and the Economy iii Immigration and the Economy iii n immigrant and a native were both working in the same career, the illegal immigrant would tend to earn less money than educated natives, â€Å"in other words immigrants are poorer than natives, but they generally earn wages that commensurate with their skills, which as a group tends to be much lower than natives†(Caramota, 2005, para. 3). Since illegals are willing to work for less money, business owners would rather hire an illegal than a native because they can save a lot of money for the business by doing so (Caramota, 2005). Because the United States has a minimum wage requirement in each state, legal citizens are not able to compete with illegal immigrants by accepting lower wages (Caramota, 2005). Also, since there is a salary tax that every U. S citizen has to pay to the government, natives would be doomed financially if they were taxed on earning wages under the minimum wage requirement (Caramota, 2005). Many employers view immigrants as better employees and it is very common that small businessmen and women will disclose that they favor Hispanic and Asian immigrants over native workers (Caramota, 2005). There are natives who aren’t earning wages since business owners favor hiring immigrants (Caramota, 2005). Consequently, the threat of further immigration will continue to put a downward pressure on wages (Caramota, 2005). Subsequently, immigrants are eager to work for less money and that is always going to keep the wages down in the lower end of the labor market (Caramota, 2005). Even though immigrants bring down wages for those less skilled jobs, â€Å"these wages do not vanish into thin air (Caramota, 2005). Employers now have more money either to pay higher wages to more educated workers or to retain as higher profits†(Caramota, 2005, para. ). The money is being distributed differently due to immigration (Caramota, 2005). The money that is supposed to be spent towards helping the poor is going to the rich (Caramota, 2005). The total earnings of natives without a highs school degree are roughly thirteen-billion dollars lower due to immigration and the total earnings of those with a high school degree are roughly nineteen billions dollars higher, which is a total gain of six billion dollars (Caramota, 2005). Most of the money that the natives without a high school degree lose is in occupations where they have the largest immigration arrival (Caramota, 2004). This also means that these areas are where there is the highest unemployment rates occur in the native job market. There is also a direct correlation with the unemployment of natives and the employment of immigrants (Caramota, 2004). From 2000 to 2004,† the number of unemployed adult natives increased by 2. 3 million, while the number of employed adult immigrants increased by 2. 3 million†(Caramota, 2004, para. 2). There is clear empirical evidence that immigrants are stealing wages from natives based on this study (Caramota, 2004). Immigration and the Economy iv Immigration and the Economy iv Education Issues Immigration is seen by many American citizens as a plague to the American economy. They feel that these immigrants are taking jobs away from American citizens, which can help Americans with the now struggling economy. Although many people feel that immigrants affect all workers, it doesnt. Immigrants mostly focus on and take the unskilled labor jobs that are often neglected by American citizens, at least only the highly skilled and educated American citizens. This leaves only the unskilled and uneducated American citizens to be effected, although the effect is minuscule and shows little harm to the unskilled and uneducated population either. From the studies of Pia M. Orrenius and Madeline Zavondny, researchers at the Federal Reserve Banks of Dallas and Atlanta, annual wages of low skilled and uneducated workers are seen to be slightly effected by immigration workers (Greg Anrig, Tova Andrea Wang, 2004). The wages are seen to be about 2. 4 percent below what they used to be before immigration workers came into place (Greg Anrig, Tova Andrea Wang, 2004). Service related workers and workers with professions have seen to have little to no influence on their wages due to immigration, It may even help and have a positive effect in this case (Greg Anrig, Tova Andrea Wang, 2004). Immigration and the Economy v Immigration and the Economy v But on the other side of the argument, an outspoken supporter of stronger immigration restrictions, George Borjas, a Harvard Economist, states that he has found many more notable and relative negative effects on the earning of unskilled American citizens. †¦ Between 1980 and 2000, when immigration increased the labor supply of working men by 11 percent in the United States, that influx reduced the average annual age of native workers by around 3. 2%. (Greg Anrig, Tova Andrea Wang, 2004) The drop in the wage of the American citizens really differentiated based on the education of the workers. Highschool dropouts, college graduates, high school graduates, and people with little college education all sa w a difference in drop (Greg Anrig, Tova Andrea Wang, 2004). Highschool dropouts had a drop of 8. 9% in wages, college graduates had a drop of 4. 9%, high school graduates had a drop of 2. %, and the change for people with some college was very minima (Greg Anrig, Tova Andrea Wang, 2004)l. At the end of the day most economists can come to the conclusion that immigration had dropped wages of American citizens with little or no education or skill, but for the rest of the American workers the impact shows very minimal to no effect at all (Greg Anrig, Tova Andrea Wang, 2004). Immigration and the Economy vi Immigration and the Economy vi Although immigrants do reduce wages for the less educated and unskilled the wages do not just disappear, but rather they get passed down by employers (Steven A. Camarota, 2005). Employers now use that money saved by cheap labor to give increased wages to the more educated and/or to keep in more profit (Steven A. Camarota, 2005). The National Research Council, in a 1997 study entitled The New Americans, estimated that immigration reduced the wages of workers with less that a high school degree by about 5 percent. These workers roughly correspond to the poorest 10 percent of the workforce. (Steven A. Camarota, 2005) Although it decreases wages for 10 percent of the workforce it causes gains for 90 percent of the other workers (Steven A. Camarota, 2005). Although, the impact is still very small on the educated workers due to the fact that because the workers at the end of the labor market make such low wages it only increases everyone elses wages very minimally (Steven A. Camarota, 2005). Increased Supply of Immigrant Workers When it comes to immigration, the myth is that immigrants are taking American Jobs because they are more willing to take lower wages and more work hours compared to Americans. This leads to less jobs going to Americans and more jobs going to the new immigrants looking for any job they can get. Yes it is good for business but the downside is that original US citizens get the lower end of the stick and have to deal with being out of work because immigrants are willing to â€Å"work for less† (Camarota, 2009) . But since they need to make money they are going after same jobs American natives which are â€Å"often thought to be majority immigrant are in fact majority native† (Camarota, 2009). A Immigration and the Economy vii Immigration and the Economy vii study showed that, â€Å"Between March of 2000 and 2004, the number of unemployed adult natives increased by 2. 3 million, while the number of employed adult immigrants increased by 2. million† (Camarota, 2004). That means all the unemployed adult natives is equal to amount of immigrants getting jobs and it was also found that half of those immigrants were from illegal immigration. With illegal immigration, these people are able to live in the U. S. under the radar and look for jobs which most people ha te doing. This might not seem as a problem but these hinder American businesses from growing because most of these jobs include house construction and gardening and these immigrants are willing to work for a cheap wage so it will be harder for an American business that does the same services to compete. Another statistic was that â€Å"the 900,000 net increase in jobs between March 2003 and 2004, two-thirds went to immigrant workers† (Camarota, 2004). While it may not seem like a big difference, two thirds being immigrants shows the competition Americans now have for even the most simplest jobs These declines in native jobs were more seen in states where there was a higher increase in immigrations and of these states it included â€Å"Los Angeles, Washington, D. C. , Dallas, Houston, New York, and Seattle† (Camarota, 2004). These locations are usually where immigrants go to because they are close to countries such as Mexico or even overseas such as England and other European countries. It was shown, â€Å"Between 2000 and 2004, the number of natives not working increased by nearly four million, from 30. 8 million to 34. 8 million† (Camarota, 2004). With that statistic, it shows that with the increase in immigration more Americans are losing their jobs. With the decrease of American natives losing jobs, it also affects the American teen’s chances for getting jobs. Most teens look for jobs in retail or a department store such as a Wal-Mart. Studies show that â€Å"immigrants and teenagers often do the same kind of work† (Camarota, 2010) which means American teens have a harder chance of landing a job because immigrants are going for the same jobs. If you take a look these days, there are not that many teens working in these retail stores and these jobs are going towards older people, which mainly are immigrants. Knowing that fact that teens aren’t seen working as much, the statistic of â€Å"the number of U. S. -born teenagers not in the labor force increased from 4. million in 1994 to 8. 1 million in 2007. In the summer of 2009 it stood at 8. 8 million† (Camarota, 2010). The teen unemployment is â€Å"similar for U. S. -born teenagers from both high- and low-income households† which shows that immigration has a significant effect on all American Native teens and not just certain households. While many teens are stil l going to school and are starting college, â€Å"the fall-off in employment is similar for those in school and those who are not† (Camarota, 2010) so being in school or not doesn’t affect their chances of getting jobs. Even though this is good for immigrants it’s heavily impacting teens that are looking for jobs to make some money for themselves or maybe for even school. Over the past decade it was seen that â€Å"in occupations where teenage employment declined the most, immigrants made significant job gains† (Camarota, 2010). This shows that immigration has a heavy impact on the employment rates of Americans especially on American teenagers because they are both going for the same jobs. Immigration and the Economy viii Immigration and the Economy viii Immigration and Race Effects on Employment Ethnicity plays a big factor in wages and employment in the United States. Many jobs have been affected with immigration being a big problem in America. Even though Immigration and the Economy ix Immigration and the Economy ix it is a big problem, some jobs have not been affected with immigration. Middle level jobs and low level jobs are taking the hit for wages and employment with different ethnicities trying to be hired. â€Å"For service-related and professional workers, immigration has had little impact on wages. If anything, increases in the number of newly arriving immigrants actually have slightly positive effects† (Anvig, 2004). Other jobs such as manual laborers have no change on wages since it has no effect on ethnicity. â€Å"Your level of education has more of an effect on your salary than your race, gender, ethnicity, citizenship, English-speaking ability or location† (Gordon, 2011). The type of degree an individual has plays big factor on your employment and wages. For example, the higher degree the person has, the higher change of getting a big pay in the job that he or she is occupying. Ethnicity and sex also play a part in employment and wages but overall the type of degree a person has is what makes a difference. â€Å"Women in the most economically advantaged race groups, white and Asian, earn less than men in the most economically disadvantaged race and ethnic groups, black and Hispanic. † (Gordon 2011) Even though race plays a factor, a person’s sex is also a big factor on employment and wages. For example, White males and Asian males get the most on employment with $5 million when they have high-level education degrees. After White and Asian males, Asian women with a professional degree and White males with a Ph. D receive about $3. 7 million dollars. A black man with a professional degree earns a few more than an average white man with a master’s degree of about $3. 5 million dollars. â€Å"A white woman and a Hispanic man with professional degrees earn a little less than him ($3. 2 million and $3. 1 million, respectively)† (Gordon, 2011). Hispanic women and black women are at the bottom of the list for employment and wages. A white man’s bachelor’s degree is equivalent to a black woman’s professional degree of $2. million dollars. Followed by a Hispanic woman with a professional degree who acquires about 2. 3 million dollars which is the equivalent of a white male who has a degree from a community college. Although education is makes a difference, many immigrants such as Hispanics, Asians, Indians, and any other race take over low level jobs that don’t a d egree or high level educations. Many follow a certain path they were raised as a child into adulthood from their culture or family background. Certain ethnicities have a stereotype of occupy certain jobs in the United States. For example, Hispanics occupy maid service or lawn mowing. Asians take over donut shops, nail salons, and dry cleaners. While Middle Easterns occupy gas stations and do taxi driving. Overall, ethnicity and sex play a big factor in employment and wages. Not everyone gets the same treatment from different companies and jobs. Each job can vary on employment for different ethnicities; location also plays a big factor for employment. For example, a person in a Hispanic/Asian/White/Black and that is bilingual has a higher chance of being hired. This is because it is very easy to communicate with a specific race and help with the company and opportunities. Immigration and the Economy x Immigration and the Economy x Companies hire certain individuals to help create business and opportunities for others. Due to this, certain ethnicities may be able to get a high pay than other races since a business may be dominated by an ethnicity. Despite education being the main factor on employment and wages for a business or company, ethnicity also plays a factor as well. A company wants to send a message and have a good representation with their employment. But at the same time, they must hire different races to not be racist to the community. Education, Sex, and ethnicity all play a role in employment and wages. It’s like a triangle, it all works together you need the other two if you try to specifically stick to one of the components. In today’s world, white males are the leaders in employment and wages due to their high education and personal preferences of companies. Even though it’s racist, it’s a common thing that’s happening all the time in America. Unlike other countries they have a dominated race and it will be vice versa where white males will be icked less due to the unavailability of speaking two languages. Immigration and the Economy xi Immigration and the Economy xi Summary There are many aspects of U. S employment that immigration affects. One of these aspects is that the increase of immigration less Americans are able to find jobs. Immigrants are taking jobs from the uneducated or lower class workforce, which would consist of college students and late teenagers. Another factor of immigration’s effect on employment would be race and sex of the immigrants coming into the United States. For example, a Hispanic woman from Mexico would more likely be working as a maid or a cleaning lady because of their Hispanic heritage the women in the household are always cleaning, therefore they are more fit for this job than native citizens. Education is another element that is affected by immigration. Uneducated workers wages have gone down because of immigration in the last decade. Education is an important factor in immigration because it creates a clear barrier between the natives and the immigrants. Finally, wages are ultimately affected by immigration greatly. In the lower area of the job market, which comprise of the poor, uneducated, or college students, the wages have decreased within the last couple of years. Since immigrants are willing to work for lower wages, many business owners are more eager to hire illegal immigrants over native college students or struggling citizens. Ultimately U. S employment has been critically impacted due to immigration. Immigration and the Economy xii Immigration and the Economy xii References Camarota, S. 2005, November 16). The Impact of Immigration on the American Workforce. Center for Immigration Studies. Retrieved September 18, 2012, from http://www. cis. org/node/553 Camarota, S. (2004, October). A Jobless Recovery? Immigrant Gains and Native Losses. Center For Immigration Studies. Retrieved September 18, 2012, from http://www. cis. org/articles/2004/back1104. html Greg Anrig (28, September 2004). Immigration, Jobs, and the American Econ omy. [ONLINE] Available at: http://tcf. org/publications/2004/9/pb491. [Last Accessed 19, September 2012]. Giovanni Peri (10, August 2010). The Effect of Immigrants on U. S. Employment and Productivity. 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